Recent events have made it apparent that politicians, among others, don't remember how communications work and how a mistake can kill a career, so I've written a brief refresher tutorial.
verbal communication one-to-one: A slip of the tongue, indiscretion or misinformation can always be denied or attributed to misunderstanding by the person to whom you were speaking. It becomes a case of "I said, he heard."
verbal communication to a group: It's a little harder to deny you said something you shouldn't have when speaking to a group, although sometimes a group will never agree on what you said. Think of the game "telephone" where a statement is passed from one person to another, and by the sixth or seventh person the message is unrecognizable. Multiply that by anywhere from ten to a hundred, and you can deny you said anything of the sort.
video or audio recording: Uh-oh. Here's where it starts to get dicey. Once something you said gets recorded, it's out there and can be played over and over. Your best hopes are that 1) a significant number of people didn't happen to be watching or listening when it was being played and 2) your little faux pas becomes yesterday's news and gets bumped for something more recent and titillating. You can also claim that you were speaking off the cuff and actually meant to say something else or that it was a response to a "gotcha" question unfairly asked by the media. Sarah Palin does this on a regular basis.
written communications--letters and notes: You have the opportunity to write, edit and re-write--use it wisely. Remember the old adage: "never write something about someone that you wouldn't want them to read--because inevitably they will."
written communications--email: While you can send an important message to many people at the same time, you can also send something stupid to many people at the same time. Remember who's on the distribution list and watch that "reply all" button. Oops.
written communications--websites: A great website is one way to appear earnest and professional. Just remember that anyone can read it and that old stuff gets cached.
written communications--blogs: Blogs are a little more casual than websites, can be edited or added to very quickly, and blog posts can be deleted if desired. However, again, everyone can read them and posts get cached.
social networking--Facebook: Just because you didn't "friend" someone doesn't mean what you post won't get around. You can delete posts from Facebook, but how many people will have seen them between the time you posted and the time you deleted? Facebook has many facets, and one of those is the ability of complete strangers to gossip about you.
social networking--Twitter: Can you send a message or photo to lots of people at the same time? Yes, you can. Can you take it back? No, you can't.
If you never say anything you wouldn't want your mother to hear or write anything you wouldn't want her to read, you're probably pretty safe. However, if you're playing it safe, you're probably not a politician.